Book Chapters

2017 [B4] Markku Renfors and Juha Yli-Kaakinen,
"Multirate Signal Processing and Filterbanks," Chapter 5 in Orthogonal Waveforms and Filter Banks for Future Communication Systems, Markku Renfors, Xavier Mestre, Eleftherios Kofidis, and Faouzi Bader (Eds.), Elsevier/Academic Press, July 2017, pp. 85–101. Paperback ISBN: 9780128103845, eBook ISBN: 9780128103852.
[B3] Juha Yli-Kaakinen, Pierre Siohan, and Markku Renfors
"FBMC Design and Implementation," Chapter 8 in Orthogonal Waveforms and Filter Banks for Future Communication Systems, Markku Renfors, Xavier Mestre, Eleftherios Kofidis, and Faouzi Bader (Eds.), Elsevier/Academic Press, July 2017, pp. 153–192. Paperback ISBN: 9780128103845, eBook ISBN: 9780128103852.
[B2] Leonardo G. Baltar, Pascal Chevalier, Markku Renfors, Juha Yli-Kaakinen, Jérome Louveaux, Xavier Mestre Faouzi Bader, and Vincent Savaux
"FBMC Channel Equalization Techniques," Chapter 12 in Orthogonal Waveforms and Filter Banks for Future Communication Systems, Markku Renfors, Xavier Mestre, Eleftherios Kofidis, and Faouzi Bader (Eds.), Elsevier/Academic Press, July 2017, pp. 291–330. Paperback ISBN: 9780128103845, eBook ISBN: 9780128103852.
2011 [B1] Juha Yli-Kaakinen and Tapio Saramäki,
"A Systematic Algorithm for the Synthesis of Multiplierless Lattice Wave Digital Filters," invited book chapter in Digital filters, Fausto Pedro García Márquez (Ed.), ISBN: 978-953-307-190-9, Intech, pp. 257–289, Apr. 2011.

Journal Publications

2017 [J12] Juha Yli-Kaakinen and Markku Renfors,
"Optimized reconfigurable fast convolution based transmultiplexers for flexible radio access," IEEE Transactions on Circuits Syst. II, 2017, 5 pages, to be published.
[J11] Juha Yli-Kaakinen, Toni Levanen, Sami Valkonen, Kari Pajukoski, Juho Pirskanen, Markku Renfors, and Mikko Valkama,
"Efficient fast-convolution based waveform processing for 5G physical layer," IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, (Special Issue on Deployment Issues and Performance Challenges for 5G), vol. 35, no. 6, pp. 1309–1326, 2017. (arXiv:1706.02853)
[J10] S. S. Krishna Chaitanya Bulusuy, Markku Renfors, Juha Yli-Kaakinen, Hmaied Shaiek, and Daniel Roviras,
"Enhanced Multicarrier Techniques for Narrowband and Broadband PMR Coexistence," Transactions on Emerging Telecommunications Technologies, vol. 28, no. 3, 15 pp, 2017.
2015 [J9] Juha Yli-Kaakinen and Markku Renfors,
"Optimization of flexible filter banks based on fast convolution," in The Journal of Signal Processing Systems, vol. 85, no. 1, pp. 101–111, Aug. 2016. (Special Issue on selected papers from DISPS track in 2014 International Conference on Circuits and Systems.)
2014 [J8] Markku Renfors, Juha Yli-Kaakinen, and fred harris
"Analysis and design of efficient and flexible fast-convolution based multirate filter banks," in IEEE Trans. Signal Processing, vol. 62, no. 15, pp. 3768–3783, Aug. 2014.
[J7] Juha Yli-Kaakinen, Vesa Lehtinen, and Markku Renfors,
"Multirate charge-domain filter design for RF-sampling multi-standard wireless communication receiver," in IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. I, vol. 62, no. 2, pp. 590--599, Feb. 2015.
2011 [J6] Juha Yli-Kaakinen and Tapio Saramäki,
"An efficient algorithm for the optimization of FIR filters synthesized using the multistage frequency-response masking approach," Circuits, Systems, Signal Processing, vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 157–183, 2011.
2007 [J5] Juha Yli-Kaakinen and Tapio Saramäki,
"A systematic algorithm for the design of lattice wave digital filters with short-coefficient wordlength," IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. I, vol. 54, no. 8, pp. 1838–1851, Aug. 2007.
2006 [J4] Juha Yli-Kaakinen and Tapio Saramäki,
"Multiplication-free polynomial-based FIR filters with an adjustable fractional delay," Circuits, Systems, Signal Processing, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 265–294, 2006. (Second most viewed article within the last 90 days in Circuits, Systems, Signal Processing on 21st Nov. 2006)
2003 [J3] Tapio Saramäki, Juha Yli-Kaakinen, and Håkan Johansson,
"Optimization of frequency-response-masking based FIR filters," J. Circuits Syst. Comput., vol. 12, no. 5, pp. 563–591, Oct. 2003. (Selected to be a best paper for the Special Issue entitled Frequency-Response Masking Technique of the Journal of Circuits, Systems, and Computers.)
1999 [J2] Juha Yli-Kaakinen and Tapio Saramäki,
"Design of very low-sensitivity and low-noise recursive filters using a cascade of low-order lattice wave digital filters," IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. II, vol. 46, no. 7, pp. 906–914, July 1999. (Special Issue on 1999 International Symposium on Circuits and Systems.)
[J1] Juha Yli-Kaakinen, Ming Hu, Riku Uusikartano, Teemu Kupiainen, and Markku Renfors,
"Digital filter design for a PAL TV modulator," IEEE Trans. Consumer Electronics, vol. 45, no. 3, pp. 970–974, Aug. 1999. (Special Issue on 1999 International Conference on Consumer Electronics.)
XXXX [J0] Juha Yli-Kaakinen and Tapio Saramäki,
"A simplified structure for FIR filters with an adjustable fractional delay," in preparation.

Conference Publications

2018 [C48] Juha Yli-Kaakinen, Juuso Alhava, Markku Renfors, and Hannu Tuomivaara
"Multicarrier waveform optimization for HF communications," submitted to IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC), Barcelona, Spain, Apr. 15–18, 2018.
2017 [C47] Kai Shao, Luping Pi, Juha Yli-Kaakinen, and Markku Renfors,
"Filtered multitone multicarrier modulation with partially overlapping sub-channels," in Proc. European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO), Kos island, Greece, Aug. 28–Sep. 2, 2017, pp. 425–429.
[C46] Juha Yli-Kaakinen, Toni Levanen, Markku Renfors, and Mikko Valkama,
"Optimized fast convolution based filtered-OFDM processing," in Proc. European Conference on Networks and Communications (EUCNC), Oulu, Finland, June 12–15, 2017. (Presentation)
[C45] AlaaEddin Loulou, Juha Yli-Kaakinen, and Markku Renfors,
"Efficient fast-convolution based implementation of 5G waveform processing using circular convolution decomposition," in Proc. Int. Conf. on Communications (ICC), Paris, France, May 21–25, 2017.
2016 [C44] Markku Renfors, Juha Yli-Kaakinen, Toni Levanen, and Mikko Valkama,
"Fast-convolution filtered OFDM waveforms with adjustable CP length," in Proc. Global Conference on Signal and Information Processing (GlobalSIP), Greater Washington, D.C., USA, Dec. 7–9, 2016, pp. 635–639.
[C43] Juha Yli-Kaakinen, Toni Levanen, Mona AghababaeeTafreshi, Markku Renfors, and Mikko Valkama,
"Optimization of parallel processing intensive digital front-end for IEEE 802.11ac receiver," in Proc. European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO), Budapest, Hungary, Aug. 29–Sep. 2, 2016, pp. 637–641 (Presentation)
[C39] Harri Saarnisaari, Veikko Hovinen, Hannu Tuomivaara, and Juha Yli-Kaakinen
"Short range HF radio channel measurements: Multipath channel models," in Proc. Nordic HF Conference (HF16), Fårö, Sweden, Aug. 15–17, 2016.
[C41] Juha Yli-Kaakinen, Markku Renfors, and Hannu Tuomivaara
"Multicarrier modulation for HF communications," in Proc. International Conference on Military Communications and Information Systems (ICMCIS), Brussels, Belgium, May 23–24, 2016. (Presentation)
[C40] Harri Saarnisaari, Veikko Hovinen, Hannu Tuomivaara, and Juha Yli-Kaakinen
"Short range HF radio channel measurements: Search for one path channels," in Proc. International Conference on Military Communications and Information Systems (ICMCIS), Brussels, Belgium, May 23–24, 2016.
[C42] Markku Renfors, Juha Yli-Kaakinen, and Mikko Valkama
"Power amplifier effects on frequency localized 5G candidate waveforms," in Proc. European Wireless (EW2016), Oulu, Finland, 18–20 May 2016.
2015 [C38] Markku Renfors and Juha Yli-Kaakinen,
"Flexible fast-convolution implementation of single-carrier waveform processing for 5G," in IEEE Int. Conf. on Communication Workshop (ICCW), London, UK, June 8–12, 2015, pp. 1243–1248
[C37] Kai Shao, Juuso Alhava, Juha Yli-Kaakinen, and Markku Renfors,
"Fast-convolution implementation of filter bank multicarrier waveform processing," in Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS), Lisbon, Portugal, May 24–27, 2015, pp. 978–981.
[C36] Juha Yli-Kaakinen and Markku Renfors,
"Optimized burst truncation in fast-convolution filter bank based waveform generation," in Proc. IEEE Int. Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications (SPAWC), Stockholm, Sweden, June 28–July 1, 2015, pp. 71–75
[C35] Mona AghababaeeTafreshi, Juha Yli-Kaakinen, Toni Levanen, Ville Korhonen, Pekka Jääskeläinen, Markku Renfors, Mikko Valkama, and Jarmo Takala
"Parallel processing intensive digital front-end for IEEE 802.11ac receiver," in Proc. Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems, and Computers (ACSSC), Pacific Grove, CA, USA, Nov 8–11, 2015.
[C34] Markku Renfors, Juha Yli-Kaakinen, Toni Levanen, Mikko Valkama, Tero Ihalainen, and Jaakko Vihriala
"Efficient fast-convolution implementation of filtered CP-OFDM waveform processing for 5G," in IEEE GC 2015 Workshop on 5G & Beyond - Enabling Technologies and Applications (in conjunction with IEEE GLOBECOM), San Diego, CA, USA, Dec 6–10, 2015.
2014 [C33] Juha Yli-Kaakinen and Markku Renfors,
"Optimization of flexible filter banks based on fast-convolution," in Proc. Int. Conf. Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP), Florence, Italy, May. 4–9 2014, pp. 8342–8345. (Poster)
[C32] Markku Renfors and Juha Yli-Kaakinen,
"Channel equalization in fast-convolution filter bank based receivers for professional mobile radio," in Proc. European Wireless (EW), Barcelona, Spain, May. 14–16 2014, pp. 844–848.
[C31] Juha Yli-Kaakinen and Markku Renfors,
"Multi-mode filterbank solution for broadband PMR coexistence with TETRA," in Proc. European Conference on Networks and Communications (EUCNC), Bologna, Italy, June 23–24 2014, 5 pages.
[C30] Markku Renfors and Juha Yli-Kaakinen,
"Fast-convolution implementation of linear equalization based multiantenna detection schemes," in Proc. Int. Symp. on Wireless Communication Systems (ISWCS), Barcelona, Spain, Aug. 26–29, 2014, 5 pages.
2013 [C29] Juha Yli-Kaakinen and Markku Renfors,
"Fast-convolution filter bank approach for non-contiguous spectrum use," in Proc. Future Network and MobileSummit, Lisbon, Portugal, July 3–5 2013, 10 pages.
[C28] Markku Renfors and Juha Yli-Kaakinen,
"Timing offset compensation in fast-convolution filter bank based waveform processing," in Proc. Int. Symp. Wireless Communication Systems (ISWCS), Ilmenau, Germany, Aug. 27–30 2013, pp. 1–4
2009 [C27] V. I. Markova, Juha Yli-Kaakinen, and Tapio Saramäki,
"A genetic-based algorithm for the design of multiplierless halfband IIR filters," in Proc. 44th Int. Scientific Conf., Inform., Commun. Energy Syst. Technol., Veliko Tarnovo, Bulgaria, June 25–27 2009, pp. 227–230.
[C26] Tapio Saramäki and Juha Yli-Kaakinen,
"An improved approach for the synthesis of multiplication-free highly-selective FIR half-band decimators and interpolators ," in Proc. 12th Int. Symp. Integr. Circuits (ISIC 2009), Singapore, Dec. 14–16 2009, pp. 344–351.
2007 [C25] Juha Yli-Kaakinen and Tapio Saramäki,
"A simplified structure for FIR filters with an adjustable fractional delay," in Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. Circuits Syst., New Orleans, USA, Mar. 27–30 2007, pp. 3439–3442. (Presentation)
2006 [C24] Juha Yli-Kaakinen and Tapio Saramäki,
"Approximately linear-phase recursive digital filters with variable magnitude characteristics," in Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. Circuits Syst., Island of Kos, Greece, May 21–24 2006, pp. 5227–5230. (Poster)
[C23] Juha Yli-Kaakinen and Tapio Saramäki,
"An efficient structure for FIR filters with an adjustable fractional delay," in Proc. Digital Signal Processing and its Applications (DSPA'2006), Moscow, Russia, Mar. 29–31 2006, vol. 2, pp. 617–623.
[C22] Juha Yli-Kaakinen and Tapio Saramäki,
"Efficient recursive digital filters with variable magnitude characteristics," in Proc. Nordic Signal Processing Symposium (NORSIG), Reykjavík, Iceland, June 7–9 2006, pp 30–33.
[C21] V. I. Anzova, Juha Yli-Kaakinen, and Tapio Saramäki,
"An algorithm for the design of multiplierless IIR filters as a parallel connection of two all-pass filters," in Proc. IEEE Acia Pacific Conf. Circuits Syst., Singapore, Dec. 4–7 2006, pp. 744-747.
[C20] Tapio Saramäki and Juha Yli-Kaakinen,
"A novel systematic approach for synthesizing multiplication-free highly-selective FIR half-band decimators and interpolators," in Proc. IEEE Acia Pacific Conf. Circuits Syst., Singapore, Dec. 4–7 2006, pp. 920-923.
2005 [C19] Juha Yli-Kaakinen and Tapio Saramäki,
"Design and implementation of multiplierless adjustable fractional-delay all-pass filters," in Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. Circuits Syst., Kobe, Japan, May 23–26 2005, pp. 1827–1830.
[C18] Juha Yli-Kaakinen and Tapio Saramäki,
"A systematic algorithm for designing multiplierless computationally efficient recursive decimators and interpolators," in Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. Image and Signal Process. Analysis, Zagreb, Croatia, Sep. 15–17 2005 pp. 167–172. (Presentation)
2004 [C17] Tapio Saramäki and Juha Yli-Kaakinen,
"A systematic technique for designing multiplierless lattice wave digital filters and FIR filters," in Proc. 6th Int. Conf. Digital Signal Process. and its Applications, DSPA 2004, Moscow, Russia, Mar. 31–Apr. 2 2004, vol. 6, pp. 104–105.
[C16] Juha Yli-Kaakinen, Tapio Saramäki, and R. Bregovic,
"An algorithm for the design of multiplierless two-channel perfect reconstruction orthogonal filter banks," in Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. Control., Commun., Signal Process., Hammamet, Tunisia, Mar. 21–24 2004, pp. 393–396.
[C15] Juha Yli-Kaakinen and Tapio Saramäki,
"A systematic algorithm for the design of multiplierless lattice wave digital filters," in Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. Control., Commun., Signal Process., Hammamet, Tunisia, Mar. 21–24 2004, pp. 415–418.
[C14] Juha Yli-Kaakinen and Tapio Saramäki,
"An algorithm for the optimization of adjustable fractional-delay all-pass filters," in Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. Circuits Syst., Vancouver, Canada, May 23–26 2004, vol III, pp. 153–156. (Presentation)
[C13] Juha Yli-Kaakinen, Tapio Saramäki, and Ya Jun Yu,
"An efficient algorithm for the optimization of FIR filters synthesized using the multistage frequency-response masking approach," in Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. Circuits Syst., Vancouver, Canada, May 23–26 2004, vol V, pp. 540–543.
2002 [C12] Tapio Saramäki and Juha Yli-Kaakinen,
"Optimization of frequency-response-masking based FIR filters with reduced complexity," in Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. Circuits Syst., Scottsdale, Arizona, May 26–29 2002, vol. III, pp. 225–228.
[C11] Juha Yli-Kaakinen and Tapio Saramäki,
" Multiplier-free polynomial-based FIR filters with an adjustable fractional delay," in Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Electr., Circuits Syst., Dubrovnik, Croatia, Sep. 15–18 2002, vol. III, pp. 1167–1170.
2001 [C10] Juha Yli-Kaakinen and Tapio Saramäki,
"A systematic algorithm for the design of multiplierless FIR filters," in Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. Circuits Syst., Sydney, Australia, May 6–9 2001, vol II, pp. 185–188.
[C9] Juha Yli-Kaakinen and Tapio Saramäki,
"An Algorithm for the optimization of pipelined recursive digital filters," in Proc. European Conference on Circuit Theory and Design, Helsinki, Finland, Aug. 28–31 2001, vol II, 225–228.
2000 [C8] Juha Yli-Kaakinen and Tapio Saramäki,
"An algorithm for the design of multiplierless approximately linear-phase lattice wave digital filters," in Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. Circuits Syst., Geneva, Switzerland, May 28–31 2000, vol. 2, pp. 77–80.
[C7] Tapio Saramäki and Juha Yli-Kaakinen,
"Design of digital filters and filter banks by optimization: Applications," in Proc. 10th Euro. Signal Processing Conf., Tampere, Finland, Sep. 5–8 2000.
[C6] Tapio Saramäki and Juha Yli-Kaakinen,
"Design of digital filters and filter banks by optimization: Applications," in Proc. IEEE 1st South American Workshop on Circuits Syst. (SAWCAS'2000), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Nov. 20–22 2000.
1999 [C5] Juha Yli-Kaakinen and Tapio Saramäki,
"An Efficient Algorithm for the design of lattice wave digital filters with short coefficient wordlength," in Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. Circuits Syst., Orlando, FL, May 30–June 2 1999, vol. III, pp. 443–448.
[C4] Juha Yli-Kaakinen, Teemu Kupiainen, Ming Hu, Riku Uusikartano, and Markku Renfors,
"Digital filter design for a PAL TV modulator," in Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Consumer Electronics, Los Angeles, CA, June 22–24 1999, pp. 260–261.
[C3] Juha Yli-Kaakinen, Ming Hu, Riku Uusikartano, Teemu Kupiainen, and Markku Renfors,
"Digital filter design for a PAL TV modulator," in Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Electr. Circuits Syst., Pafos, Cyprus, Sept. 5–8 1999, pp 249–252.
[C2] Ming Hu, Juha Yli-Kaakinen, Markku Renfors, and Olli Vainio,
"A multiplier-free design for an integrated digital VSB filter using wave digital all-pass sections," in Proc. IEEE 8th Int. Symp. on Integrated Circuits, Devices and Systems (ISIC99), Singapore, Sept. 8–10 1999.
1998 [C1] Juha Yli-Kaakinen and Tapio Saramäki,
"Design of low-sensitivity and low-noise recursive digital filters using a cascade of low-order wave lattice filters," in Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. Circuits Syst., Monterey, CA, May 31–June 3 1998, vol. V, pp. 404–408.

Reports

2015 [R10] Harri Saarnisaari, Veikko Hovinen, Hannu Tuomivaara, Juha Yli-Kaakinen, and Markku Renfors,
"Kanavamittaus moderneja laajakaistaisia HF-järjestelmiä varten," Maanpuolustuksen tieteellisen neuvottelukunnan (MATINE)-hankkeen tiivistelmäraportti (Summary report of the research project sponsored by the Scientific Advisory Board for Defence (MATINE)), Dec. 4 2015.
2014 [R9] Dejan Rakić, Laurent Martinod, Yahia Medjahdi, Didier le Ruyet, Faouzi Bader, Dmitry Petrov, Slobodan Nedić, Juha Yli-Kaakinen,
"Multimode, non-uniform filterbank," ICT-EMPhAtiC (Enhanced Multicarrier Techniques for Professional Ad-Hoc and Cell-Based Communications) Deliverable D2.2, Mar. 12 2014.
[R8] Eleftherios Kofidis, Antonios Beikos, Markku Renfors, Juha Yli-Kaakinen, Leonardo G. Baltar, Laurent Martinod, Philippe Mége, Luc Féty, and Didier Le Ruyet,
"Training design and algorithms for channel estimation," ICT-EMPhAtiC (Enhanced Multicarrier Techniques for Professional Ad-Hoc and Cell-Based Communications) Deliverable D3.1, Dec. 18 2014.
[R7] Slobodan Nedic, Sladjana Jošilo, Vladimir Stanivuk, Milan Narandzic, Markku Renfors, Juha Yli-Kaakinen, Eleftherios Kofidis, Antonis Beikos, and Rostom Zakaria,
"Adaptive equalization and Successive self-Interference Cancellation (SIC) methods," ICT-EMPhAtiC (Enhanced Multicarrier Techniques for Professional Ad-Hoc and Cell-Based Communications) Deliverable D3.2, May 12 2014.
[R6] Christos Mavrokefalidis, Eleftherios Kofidis, Athanasios Rontogiannis, Antonios Beikos, Markku Renfors, Juha Yli-Kaakinen, and Jérôme Louveaux,
"MIMO channel estimation and data detection," ICT-EMPhAtiC (Enhanced Multicarrier Techniques for Professional Ad-Hoc and Cell-Based Communications) Deliverable D4.2, Apr. 7 2014.
[R5] David Gregoratti, Xavier Mestre, Markku Renfors, Juha Yli-Kaakinen, Nikos Passas, Dimitris Tsolkas, Vidar Ringset, Slobodan Nedic, Milan Narandžic, Stefan Tomic, and Ljiljana Marijanovic,
"Application of the nonuniform filterbank for spectrum sensing in a cognitive radio," ICT-EMPhAtiC (Enhanced Multicarrier Techniques for Professional Ad-Hoc and Cell-Based Communications) Deliverable D8.1, June 30 2014.
[R4] Martinod Laurent, Dejan Rakic, Nikolaos Bartzoudis, Oriol Font-Bach, Dmitry Petrov, and Juha Yli-Kaakinen,
"Software simulations and experiments," ICT-EMPhAtiC (Enhanced Multicarrier Techniques for Professional Ad-Hoc and Cell-Based Communications) Deliverable D9.2, Sep. 26 2014.
[R3] Martinod Laurent, Dejan Rakic, Nikolaos Bartzoudis, Oriol Font-Bach, Dmitry Petrov, and Juha Yli-Kaakinen,
"Software simulations and experiments," ICT-EMPhAtiC (Enhanced Multicarrier Techniques for Professional Ad-Hoc and Cell-Based Communications) Deliverable D9.2, Sep. 26 2014.
2013 [R2] Markku Renfors, Juha Yli-Kaakinen, Alaa Eddin Lolou, Xavier Mestre, Slobodan Nedić, Sladjana Josilo, Milos Pejović, Laurent Martinod, and Dejan Rakić,
"FB-MC and enhanced OFDM schemes," ICT-EMPhAtiC (Enhanced Multicarrier Techniques for Professional Ad-Hoc and Cell-Based Communications) Deliverable D2.1, Oct. 31 2013.
2002 [R1] Tapio Saramäki and Juha Yli-Kaakinen,
"Design of digital filters and filter banks by optimization: Applications," TICSP Series, No. 15, Apr. 2002.

Theses

2002 [T2] Juha Yli-Kaakinen,
Optimization of Digital Filters for Practical Implementations, Dr. Tech. Thesis, Dept. of Inform. Tech., Tampere Univ. of Tech, Finland, May 2002.
1998 [T1] Juha Yli-Kaakinen,
Optimization of Recursive Digital Filters for Practical Implementation, Dipl. Eng. Thesis, Dept. of Elect. Eng., Tampere Univ. of Tech., Finland, June 1998.